Journal
PHARMACEUTICALS
Volume 11, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ph11020033
Keywords
Lepechinia mutica; Lamiaceae; carnosol; secondary metabolites; essential oil; Ecuador; Pyricularia oryzae
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Funding
- Secretaria Nacional de Educacion Superior, Ciencia y Tecnologia (SENESCYT) of Ecuador [20110941]
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The plant Lepechinia mutica (Benth.) Epling (family Lamiaceae) is endemic to Ecuador. In the present study, we report some major non-volatile secondary metabolites from the leaves and the chemistry of the essential oil distilled from the flowers. The main identified compounds were carnosol, viridiflorol, ursolic acid, oleanolic acid, chrysothol, and 5-hydroxy-4,7-dimethoxy flavone. Their structures were determined by X-ray diffraction and NMR and MS techniques. The essential oil showed a chemical composition similar to that distilled from the leaves, but with some qualitative and quantitative differences regarding several minor compounds. The main constituents (>4%) were: -3-carene (24.23%), eudesm-7(11)-en-4-ol (13.02%), thujopsan-2--ol (11.90%), -pinene (7.96%), valerianol (5.19%), and co-eluting limonene and -phellandrene (4.47%). The volatile fraction was also submitted to enantioselective analysis on a -cyclodextrin column, obtaining the separation and identification of the enantiomers for -thujene, -pinene, sabinene, -phellandrene, limonene and -phellandrene. Furthermore, the anti-fungal activity of non-volatile secondary metabolites was tested in vitro, with carnosol resulting in being very active against the blast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae.
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