Journal
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Volume 8, Issue 11, Pages 3092-3108Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5ee01895a
Keywords
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB632405]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21425309, 21173043]
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian [SKLNBC2013-04 K]
- Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20133514110003]
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The development of new layered materials has experienced an evolution from graphene to metal oxide and metal chalcogenide nanosheets, and more recently to two-dimensional (2D) covalent organic frameworks, such as conjugated carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNs) with a spectral gap in the band structure. The anisotropic 2D geometric morphology, together with the aromatic p-conjugated framework, endows polymeric CNNs with unique properties, such as an enlarged surface area with a highly opened-up flat structure, reduced thickness with enhanced electron mobility and with intrinsic semiconductive features, which support their attractive bandgap-and surface-engineered applications ranging from energy-related topics to other new emerging fields. In this review, recent research advances in the establishment of two synthetic strategies for CNNs are firstly overviewed, namely, the top-down delamination of graphitic carbon nitride (CN) solids and the bottom-up assembly of molecular building blocks in a 2D manner. Efficient approaches aimed at advancing CNNs for target-specific applications, including hybridizing, doping, sensitization, copolymerization and nanorefinement, are also described as possible solutions.
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