Journal
JOULE
Volume 2, Issue 10, Pages 2047-2064Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.joule.2018.06.015
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1564205, 51706117]
- International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China [2016YFE0102200]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2016M600088, 2017T100075]
- US Department of Energy (DOE), Vehicle Technologies Office
- DOE Office of Science by UChicago Argonne [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- Clean Vehicles, US-China Clean Energy Research Center [CERC-CVC2]
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We demonstrate herein that not only internal short circuiting, but also chemical crossover, is the mechanism behind thermal runaway that can occur in lithium-ion batteries due to abuse conditions. In situ experiments showed that during thermal runaway, the cathode releases oxygen by a phase transition, and this oxygen is consumed by the lithiated anode. The released highly oxidative gas reacts with reductive LiCx with tremendous heat generation centered at 274.2 degrees C with heat flow of 87,8 W g(-1) To confirm the proposed mechanism, we froze a battery undergoing the thermal runaway process by liquid nitrogen and subjected it to detailed post-test analysis. Our results revealed the hidden thermal runaway mechanism of chemical crossover between the battery components without a severe internal short circuit. These findings provide an important insight into the rational design of automotive lithium-ion batteries as well as solid-state batteries.
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