Jurassic magmatism related Pb-Zn-W-Mo polymetallic mineralization in the central Nanling Range, South China: Geochronologic, geochemical, and isotopic evidence from the Huangshaping deposit

The Nanling Range in South China is characterized by extensive Mesozoic magmatism and coeval nonferrous and rare metal mineralization. Huangshaping is a world-class Pb-Zn-W-Mo polymetallic skarn deposit in the central Nanling Range. Magmatic rocks occurring in this ore district include quartz porphyry, granite porphyry, granophyre, dacite porphyry, and aplite, with only the first three granitoids genetically associated with polymetallic mineralization. Most of the orebodies are constrained within the contact zones as skarn and veins between these granitic stocks and the carbonate wall rocks. Since the age of the quartz porphyry is still controversial, and studies of the dacite porphyry and aplite are absent, we focus on these magmatic rocks first. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating suggests that the crystallization ages of the quartz porphyry, dacite porphyry, and aplite are 154.3 +/- 1.9 Ma, 158.1 +/- 0.8 Ma, and 148.4 +/- 3.4 Ma, respectively. Combined with previously published age data, we infer the evolutionary sequence of magmatic rocks should be dacite porphyry -> quartz porphyry -> granite porphyry (granophyre) -> aplite. The quartz porphyry, dacite porphyry, and aplite yield high contents of high field strength elements (Zr + Nb + Ce + Y = 255-440 ppm), high ratios of 10,000 x Ga/Al (2.6-3.2), and prominent depletions in Ba, Sr, Eu, P, and Ti, indicating their crustal affinities to A-type granites. They have negative epsilon(Nd)(t) values (-9.4 to -7.0) and high initial Pb isotopic ratios ((206)pb/(204)pb(i) = 18.307-18.644, (207)pb/(204)pb(i) = 15.689-15.742, Pb-208/Pb-204(i) = 38.589-38.986), suggesting that they were probably derived by partial melting of ancient granulitic crustal materials. The sulfide minerals exhibit a wide range of delta S-34(V-CDT) values from -22.6 to 24.2 parts per thousand, with Pb-206/Pb-204 of 17.669-19.708, Pb-207/Pb-204 of 15.492-15.714, and Pb-208/Pb-204 of 37.880-39.789, indicating that sulfur, lead, and other associated metals were derived from a mixture of magmatic components and the Carboniferous wall rocks. Fluid inclusions in pyrrhotite, sphalerite, and marmatite samples have He-3/He-4 ratios of 0.12 to 1.53 Ra, with calculated mantle helium proportions of 1.3 to 18.9%, indicating a predominantly crustal origin for the ore fluids, with minor inputs from the mantle. The Huangshaping deposit is a typical example of the genetic relationship both spatially and temporally between Jurassic magmatism and polymetallic metallogeny in the Nanling Range.