Journal
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH-CLINICAL ANAESTHESIOLOGY
Volume 32, Issue 2, Pages 137-148Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2018.06.005
Keywords
postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV); risk assessment; PONV treatment strategies; serotonin receptor antagonists; dopamine antagonists; NK-1 receptor antagonists; PONV combination therapy
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The issue of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) still poses a significant burden on our patients. Although rarely associated with a life-threatening condition, it is consistently considered as one of the most undesirable side effects of surgery and anesthesia. There are well-established risk factors for the development of PONV that include patient-related factors, anesthetic technique, use of volatile anesthetics, use of nitrous oxide, duration of anesthesia, opioid administration, and type of surgery. Because pharmacologic interventions for PONV are not without risks, practitioners must assess patient's risk status from low to high and consider the benefits of treatment. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge related to PONV and provides a practical approach toward risk assessment, prevention, and numerous treatment strategies. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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