Removal of heavy metals from simulated water by using eggshell powder

Eggshell powder (ESP) is a cheap, adsorbent material used for removing different heavy metals from water by applying various adsorption methods. In batch adsorption experiments, the potential of ESP for the removal of the cadmium(II) (Cd2+) ion from aqueous solution was investigated. A batch study was utilized as a function of the initial concentration, the ESP amount, the contact time, and the pH of the aqueous solution. Freundlich and Langmuir's linear equations were used to investigate adsorption isotherms. The characterization studies of ESP samples were done using a scanning electron microscope and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The highest Cd2+ removal efficiency was found at pH 5.0, an initial ESP dosage of 3.5 g, a temperature at 20 degrees C, a shaking speed at 250 rpm, and a contact time of 60 min. The maximum removal efficiencies coming from the ESP were between 65% and 96% for Cd2+ under optimum conditions. The adsorption data were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption capacity and the affinity of the ESP were examined for Cd2+. The Langmuir constants and separation factor (R-L) values indicate that the Cd2+ was favorably adsorbed onto the ESP. The maximum adsorption capacities obtained from the Langmuir model for Cd2+ were 2.221 mg/g of the ESP. The findings imply that the ESP could be used as an inexpensive, sustainable, and effective adsorbent for Cd2+ removal from different aqueous solutions.