Journal
ONCOLOGIST
Volume 22, Issue 9, Pages 1086-1093Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0095
Keywords
Triple negative breast cancer; Molecular subtypes; Gene expression profiling; Targeted therapy
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Funding
- Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) Multi-Investigator Research Award (MIRA) [CPRIT-RP160710]
- Allison and Brian Grove Fellowship for Breast Medical Oncology
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Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) represent 10%-20% of primary breast cancers, and despite having greater initial sensitivity to cytotoxic chemotherapy, patients with TNBCs have higher rates of distant metastasis and a poorer prognosis compared with patients with hormone receptor positive and/or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive disease. TNBC has historically been treated as a single disease entity in targeted therapy trials, but advances in gene expression profiling and other molecular diagnostic techniques over the last decade have revealed considerable biologic heterogeneity within TNBCs, including subgroups with distinct, targetable aberrations. Such molecular heterogeneity explains, in part, the disappointing performance of targeted therapeutics in unselected TNBC. Here we discuss the history of gene expression profiling in breast cancer and its application in partitioning TNBCs into subtypes that may lead to more consistent therapeutic successes in this heterogeneous disease.
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