Journal
OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 489-498Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2016.09.009
Keywords
Physical activity; Body composition; Molecular mechanisms; Insulin resistance
Categories
Funding
- Nordea Foundation (Copenhagen, Denmark)
- Physical activity and nutrition for improvement of health'' - University of Copenhagen Excellence Program for Interdisciplinary Research and Centerof Healthy Aging
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Objective: Intensive lifestyle interventions (ILI) are criticised for ineffective obesity treatment because weight loss over time is modest and thus of limited clinical relevance. However, a subgroup (5-30%) maintains a clinical weight loss >10%, but it is not clear if cardiometabolic health follows this pattern. The aim was to study the effect of different magnitudes of weight loss maintenance after ILI on cardiometabolic health. Methods: Eighty out of 2420 former participants (age: 36 +/- 1, BMI: 38 +/- 1, (means +/- SE)) in an 11-12-week ILI were recruited into 3 groups; clinical weight loss maintenance (> 10% weight loss), moderate maintenance (1-10%), and weight regain based on weight loss at follow-up (5.3 +/- 0.4 years). Weight loss during the ILI was achieved by increased physical activity and hypo-caloric diet. Dual X-ray Absorptiometry, blood sample, skeletal muscle biopsy and VO2max test were used to determine cardiometabolic health at follow-up. Results: At follow-up, the clinical weight loss maintenance group scored better in the following variables compared to the other groups: BMI (31 +/- 1, 33 +/- 2, 43 +/- 2 kg/m(2)), composition (34 +/- 2, 40 +/- 1, 49 +/- 1% fat), visceral adipose tissue (0.8 +/- 0.2,1.7 +/- 0.5, 2.4 +/- 0.4 kg), plasma triglycerides (0.8 +/- 0.2, 1.3 +/- 0.4, 1.6 +/- 0.3 mmol/L), plasma glucose (4.9 +/- 0.1, 5.9 +/- 0.4, 5.9 +/- 0.1 mmol/L), Hb1Ac (5.1 +/- 0.0, 5.6 +/- 0.2,5.8 +/- 0.2%), protein content in skeletal muscle of GLUT4 (1.5 +/- 0.2, 0.9 +/- 0.1,1.0 +/- 0.1 AU) and hexokinase II (1.6 +/- 0.2, 1.0 +/- 0.2, 0.7 +/- 0.1 AU), citrate synthase activity (155 +/- 6, 130 +/- 5, 113 +/- 5 mu mol/g/min) and VO2max(49 +/- 1, 43 +/- 1,41 +/- 1 mL/min/FFM) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cardiometabolic health is better in participants who have maintained> 10% weight loss compared to moderate weight loss and weight regain. (C) 2016 Asia Oceania Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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