DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC TECHNOLOGIES OF PRODUSING HIGH QUALITY CLEAN DIESEL FUEL

The researches related to the development of the best composition and production of environmentally friendly diesel fuel, compliance with the EURO-5 and EURO-6 class, by introducing antiwear additives into the base hydrotreated fuel were conducted. The analysis of modern assumptions to the use in Russia of anti-wear additives of domestic and foreign manufacturers, such manufacturers as Clariant, BASF, Infineum, JSC AZKiOC and others was carried out, and also the main results of efficiency of use of additives for diesel fuel are considered. The synthesis of antiwear additives and antioxidant additives from plant raw materials through the process of transesterification was carried out, as well as the technology of obtaining nitrogen and oxygen-containing compounds with surface active properties was developed. The optimal technological processes of the transesterification process (time, temperature, rate, ratio of raw materials) were revealed. The effect of the obtained bioadditives on the operational and low-temperature properties of hydrotreated diesel fuel was studied. Analysis of the positive effect of additives on lubricating properties of fuel showed that the diameter of the wear spot is reduced by a factor of 4, the amount of harmful emissions (carbon oxides, dispersed particles, volatile organic compounds and hydrocarbons) is reduced by more than 30 times. Also, a decrease in the pour point and change in the cetane number was observed, depending on the composition of the bioadditives (in some cases, the cetane number decreased and ceased to meet the requirements of the standard for diesel fuel GOST R 52368, while others, on the contrary, increased). A distinctive feature of this type of fuel is the maintenance of the minimum amount of gray in your composition, and at the same time compliance with all requirements of GOST.