Journal
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
Volume 156, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.3847/1538-3881/aad042
Keywords
Kuiper Belt objects: individual (2015 BP519); planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability
Categories
Funding
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX17AF21G]
- SSO Planetary Astronomy Program
- NSF [AST-1515015, DGE 1256260]
- National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575, AST-1138766, AST-1536171]
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science [TG-AST150033, TG-AST170008]
- U.S. Department of Energy
- U.S. National Science Foundation
- Ministry of Science and Education of Spain
- Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom
- Higher Education Funding Council for England
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago
- Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University
- Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University
- Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
- Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico
- Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Argonne National Laboratory
- University of California at Santa Cruz
- University of Cambridge
- Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid
- University of Chicago
- University College London
- DES-Brazil Consortium
- University of Edinburgh
- Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC)
- Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe
- University of Michigan
- National Optical Astronomy Observatory
- University of Nottingham
- Ohio State University
- University of Pennsylvania
- University of Portsmouth
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
- Stanford University
- University of Sussex
- Texas AM University
- OzDES Membership Consortium
- MINECO [AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, MDM-2015-0509]
- ERDF funds from the European Union
- CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya
- European Research Council under the European Union ERC [240672, 291329, 306478]
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020]
- Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq) [465376/2014-2]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-07CH11359]
- Division Of Astronomical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1515015] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Ask authors/readers for more resources
We report the discovery and dynamical analysis of 2015 BP519, an extreme trans-Neptunian object (TNO) detected by the Dark Energy Survey at a heliocentric distance of 55 au, perihelion of similar to 36 au, and absolute magnitude H-r = 4.3. The current orbit, determined from a 1110 day observational arc, has a semimajor axis a approximate to 450 au, eccentricity e approximate to 0.92, and inclination i 54 degrees. With these orbital elements, 2015 BP519 is the most extreme TNO discovered to date, as quantified by the reduced Kozai action, eta(0) = (1 e(2))(1/2) cos i, which is a conserved quantity at fixed semimajor axis a for axisymmetric perturbations. We discuss the orbital stability and evolution of this object and find that, under the influence of the four known giant planets, 2015 BP519 displays rich dynamical behavior, including rapid diffusion in semimajor axis and more constrained variations in eccentricity and inclination. We also consider the long-term orbital stability and evolutionary behavior within the context of the Planet Nine hypothesis and find that 2015 BP519 adds to the circumstantial evidence for the existence of this proposed new member of the solar system, as it would represent the first member of the population of high-i, (mu) over bar -shepherded TNOs.
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