Journal
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 17, Issue -, Pages 438-449Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtcomm.2018.10.011
Keywords
Zinc oxide nanorod; Carbon fiber; Plasma surface treatment; Interfacial control; Multiscale hybrid composites; Mechanical properties
Categories
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science and ICT, Korea [NRF-2017R1A5A1015311]
- UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology) [1.180015, 1.180035]
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Zinc oxide nanorod (ZnO NR)-grown woven carbon fiber/polyamide 6 composites were fabricated using hydrothermal synthesis and thermoplastic resin transfer molding. The in-situ polymerization of epsilon-caprolactam, which exhibits extremely low viscosity and high reaction speed, enabled excellent penetration of the resin into the densely grown ZnO forest on the carbon fibers. This further increased the mechanical interlocking and chemical interaction between the fiber and resin, leading to enhanced interfacial bonding. By increasing the number of oxygen functional groups and the surface roughness of the fiber surfaces through an atmospheric plasma treatment, the ZnO NRs were observed to grow even with very low growth-solution concentrations (20 mM), fewer seed cycles (4), and a short hydrothermal treatment time (4 h). By using the plasma-treated carbon fibers for ZnO NR growth, the impact resistance and in-plane shear strength were enhanced by up to 72 and 50%, respectively, as compared to carbon fiber composites without ZnO NRs, while the use of ZnO pre-cursors and growth time was minimized.
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