Journal
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Volume 41, Issue 4, Pages 1447-1458Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03285k
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Funding
- Department of Science and Technology (DST)
- National Research Foundation (NRF), South Africa through DST/NRF South African Research Chairs Initiative [UID 62620]
- Rhodes University/ DST Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Rhodes University, South Africa
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Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) were separately modified with thymine to obtain thymine-functionalized GQDs (T-GQDs) and ZnPc (T-ZnPc). T-GQDs and nanoconjugates of T-ZnPc with pristine GQDs (represented as pristine GQDs-T-ZnPc) or T-GQDs (represented as T-GQDs-T-ZnPc) were employed as fluorescent probes for the detection of mercury(II) ions (Hg2+). The as-synthesized T-GQDs alone demonstrated a highly sensitive and selective fluorescence turn-OFF'' process for Hg2+ detection due to the specific interaction between the thymine functionality on the T-GQDs with Hg2+. On the other hand, the fluorescence of pristine GQDs and T-GQDs was quenched (turn-OFF'') upon coordination with T-ZnPc. However, the fluorescence emission was selectively restored (turn-ON'' process) in the presence of Hg2+ resulting in the sensitive detection of Hg2+ in the nanomolar concentration range (limit of detection = 0.05 nM, for the pristine GQDs-T-ZnPc probe). The probe containing pristine GQDs and the T-ZnPc complex demonstrated a higher specific and sensitive recognition of Hg2+ as compared to the T-GQDs alone or T-GQDs-T-ZnPc probes which are ascribed to the fluorescence turn-ON'' process of the former. Screening of different metal ions and counter ions proved that the probes are specifically suited for Hg2+ detection.
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