Nanoporous of waste avian eggshell to reduce heavy metal and acidity in water

The use of groundwater for drinking water usually faces major constraints in terms of water quality. Groundwater can be contaminated by heavy metals dissolved in groundwater as well as other chemicals that cause increased water acidity levels. This study aims to develop nanoporous eggshells that can absorb heavy metals and neutralize acid content in water. This experimental study performed by preparation of nanopore eggshells from avian and selected the optimum formulation for heavy metal absorption and neutralized water acidity using conductivity test and pH meter. The selected formulation of nanoporous eggshell will be characterized using scanning electron microscope. The performance of nanoporous eggshell also evaluated. The result showed that the duck eggshell has a better effectiveness than chicken and quail eggshell. In addition, the optimum formula for nanoporous eggshell preparation consists of 0.3 M sodium hypochlorite and 0.1 M HCl with percent absorption of heavy metals by 26.83 and neutralization of acids by 59.18. The characteristic of nanoporous eggshell indicated that the nanopore-sized less than 1.0 mu m. Nanoporous eggshells have a better ability in absorbing heavy metal and neutralizing the water acidity.