Journal
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
Volume 118, Issue -, Pages 56-65Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.03.015
Keywords
Orexin; GPCR; Sleep/wakefulness; Narcolepsy; Monoamine; Efferent pathway
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) of Japan
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16H01608, 16H05120] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Orexin A and orexin B are hypothalamic neuropeptides initially identified as endogenous ligands for two orphan G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). A deficiency of orexin signaling results in the sleep disorder narcolepsy-cataplexy in humans, dogs, and rodents, a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. Multiple approaches, including molecular genetic, electrophysiological, pharmacological, and neuroanatomical studies have suggested that orexins play critical roles in the maintenance of wakefulness by regulating the function of monoaminergic and cholinergic neurons that are implicated in the regulation of wakefulness. Here, I review recent advances in the understanding of how orexins regulate sleep/wakefulness and prevent narcolepsy. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.
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