Journal
NEURON
Volume 95, Issue 3, Pages 504-529Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.050
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Funding
- European Research Council [ERC-2016-StG 714762]
- German Research Foundation [SPP 1926, FOR 2419]
- Israel Ministry of Science Technology and Space
- Israel Science Foundation (ISF) [1351-12]
- European Research Council (ERC-StG) [337637]
- Human Frontier Science Program
- I-CORE program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee
- Israel Science Foundation [51/11]
- Gertrude and Philip Nollman Career Development Chair
- Adelis Foundation
- Candice Appleton Family Trust
- Lord Sieff of Brimpton Memorial Fund
- Koshland Foundation
- European Research Council (ERC) [337637] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Reversible silencing of neuronal activity is a powerful approach for isolating the roles of specific neuronal populations in circuit dynamics and behavior. In contrast with neuronal excitation, for which the majority of studies have used a limited number of optogenetic and chemogenetic tools, the number of genetically encoded tools used for inhibition of neuronal activity has vastly expanded. Silencing strategies vary widely in their mechanism of action and in their spatial and temporal scales. Although such manipulations are commonly applied, the design and interpretation of neuronal silencing experiments present unique challenges, both technically and conceptually. Here, we review the most commonly used tools for silencing neuronal activity and provide an in-depth analysis of their mechanism of action and utility for particular experimental applications. We further discuss the considerations that need to be given to experimental design, analysis, and interpretation of collected data. Finally, we discuss future directions for the development of new silencing approaches in neuroscience.
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