Journal
EMBO JOURNAL
Volume 34, Issue 16, Pages 2117-2131Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490315
Keywords
Atg8; autophagosome biogenesis; autophagy; fatty acid synthase; lipid droplets
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Funding
- Israel Science Foundation ISF [535/11]
- German-Israeli Foundation GIF [1129/157]
- Legacy Heritage Fund [1309/13]
- Weizmann Institute Minerva center
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Autophagy is a major catabolic process responsible for the delivery of proteins and organelles to the lysosome/vacuole for degradation. Malfunction of this pathway has been implicated in numerous pathological conditions. Different organelles have been found to contribute to the formation of autophagosomes, but the exact mechanism mediating this process remains obscure. Here, we show that lipid droplets (LDs) are important for the regulation of starvation-induced autophagy. Deletion of Dga1 and Lro1 enzymes responsible for triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis, or of Are1 and Are2 enzymes responsible for the synthesis of steryl esters (STE), results in the inhibition of autophagy. Moreover, we identified the STE hydrolase Yeh1 and the TAG lipase Ayr1 as well as the lipase/hydrolase Ldh1 as essential for autophagy. Finally, we provide evidence that the ER-LD contact-site proteins Ice2 and Ldb16 regulate autophagy. Our study thus highlights the importance of lipid droplet dynamics for the autophagic process under nitrogen starvation.
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