Journal
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
Volume 5, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00139
Keywords
scrubber; sulfur emissions; shipping; air-sea interface; surface ocean; biogeochemistry; exhaust gas cleaning system
Funding
- International Surface Ocean-Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) project
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research
- Cluster of Excellence 80 The Future Ocean
- Excellence Initiative by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) on behalf of the German federal and state governments
- Swedish Research Council Formas [2011-1007, 2012-2120]
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory
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Shipping emissions are likely to increase significantly in the coming decades, alongside increasing emphasis on the sustainability and environmental impacts of the maritime transport sector. Exhaust gas cleaning systems (scrubbers), using seawater or fresh water as cleaning media for sulfur dioxide, are progressively used by shipping companies to comply with emissions regulations. Little is known about the chemical composition of the scrubber effluent and its ecological consequences for marine life and biogeochemical processes. If scrubbers become a central tool for atmospheric pollution reduction from shipping, modeling, and experimental studies will be necessary to determine the ecological and biogeochemical effects of scrubber wash water discharge on the marine environment. Furthermore, attention must be paid to the regulation and enforcement of environmental protection standards concerning scrubber use. Close collaboration between natural scientists and social scientists is crucial for progress toward sustainable shipping and protection of the marine environment.
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