Journal
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 1, Issue 11, Pages 6115-6122Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.8b01153
Keywords
PEMFC; ORR; stacked; core-shell; Pt:Ni alloy; WC support material; conformal coating
Funding
- NSF [EPS-1003970, 1159830]
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1159830] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In this study, we developed a stacked core-shell nanorod array electrocatalyst design to improve oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics and catalyst stability for polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. For this purpose, we fabricated two-layer stacked nanorod arrays with each layer consisting of a tungsten carbide (WC) core and a platinum-nickel (Pt-ZNi) alloy shell. WC nanorods were grown by a glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method. Then, WC nanorods were coated with a Pt-Ni shell conformally by a high-pressure sputtering (HIPS) method. This process was repeated twice to form the second layer of the stack. We investigated three different Pt:Ni ratios including 3:7, 1:1, and 3:1. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) methods were used for electrochemical characterization of the Pt:Ni/WC electrodes in a 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte solution. Morphological and crystallographic analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Pt mass loading values were measured using a quartz crystal microbalance. Electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) values change in the order of 3:7 > 1:1 > 3:1 in the Pt:Ni ratio. Specific activity (SA) and mass activity (MA) were higher for the 3:7 composition after accelerated stability tests were comparable to those of other compositions.
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