Journal
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 1, Issue 7, Pages 3292-3300Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.8b00502
Keywords
lithium-ion battery; polyolefin separator; perfluorophenyl azide photochemistry; roll-to-roll process; surface modification
Funding
- NSF SUSchem grant [CBET 1337065]
- National Science Foundation-Graduate Research fellowship
- U.S./China Clean Energy Research Center for Water-Energy Technologies (CERC-WET) [300-15-006]
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Modified polyolefin separators fabricated via a roll-to-roll system exhibit markedly improved compatibility with lithium ion battery electrolytes. Zwitterionic molecules containing a perfluorophenyl azide functional group were synthesized and covalently bound to the surface of commercial polyolefin separators via UV-activated photochemistry. A roll-to-roll prototype system was constructed allowing for the functionalization of large areas of separator under ambient conditions at low cost. Lithium-ion battery cells containing the modified separators exhibit superior electrochemical performance using a common commercial electrolyte. The modified separators, both monolayer PE and trilayer PP/PE/PP, are wetted instantly upon contact with liquid electrolytes lacking linear carbonates. These electrolytes have been designed for use in batteries with advanced thermal stability properties and/or higher voltage windows, which have previously been hindered by incompatibility with commercial trilayer polyolefin separators. This scalable modification technique is able to meet the rapidly growing demand for low-cost, high-performance separators for safer lithium-ion batteries.
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