Journal
NATURE
Volume 551, Issue 7682, Pages 601-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature24654
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Funding
- ARO and AFOSR Atomic and Molecular Physics Programs
- AFOSR MURI
- IARPA LogiQ programme
- ARO MURI
- ARL Center for Distributed Quantum Information
- NSF Quantum Information Science programme
- NSF Physics Frontier Center at JQI
- IC Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1430094] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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A quantum simulator is a type of quantum computer that controls the interactions between quantum bits (or qubits) in a way that can be mapped to certain quantum many-body problems(1,2). As it becomes possible to exert more control over larger numbers of qubits, such simulators will be able to tackle a wider range of problems, such as materials design and molecular modelling, with the ultimate limit being a universal quantum computer that can solve general classes of hard problems(3). Here we use a quantum simulator composed of up to 53 qubits to study non-equilibrium dynamics in the transverse-field Ising model with long-range interactions. We observe a dynamical phase transition after a sudden change of the Hamiltonian, in a regime in which conventional statistical mechanics does not apply(4). The qubits are represented by the spins of trapped ions, which can be prepared in various initial pure states. We apply a global long-range Ising interaction with controllable strength and range, and measure each individual qubit with an efficiency of nearly 99 per cent. Such high efficiency means that arbitrary many-body correlations between qubits can be measured in a single shot, enabling the dynamical phase transition to be probed directly and revealing computationally intractable features that rely on the long-range interactions and high connectivity between qubits.
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