Journal
NATURE
Volume 553, Issue 7687, Pages 217-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature25164
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Funding
- DARPA [HR0011-17-2-0049]
- US NIH [R01 EB022376, R35 GM118062, R01 DC006908, P30 DC05209, R01 DC00138, R01 DC013521]
- David-Shulsky Foundation
- Frederick and Ines Yeatts Hair Cell Regeneration grant
- Bertarelli Foundation
- Jeff and Kimberly Barber Fund
- Broad Institute
- HHMI
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1452122] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Although genetic factors contribute to almost half of all cases of deafness, treatment options for genetic deafness are limited(1-5). We developed a genome-editing approach to target a dominantly inherited form of genetic deafness. Here we show that cationic lipid-mediated in vivo delivery of Cas9-guide RNA complexes can ameliorate hearing loss in a mouse model of human genetic deafness. We designed and validated, both in vitro and in primary fibroblasts, genome editing agents that preferentially disrupt the dominant deafness-associated allele in the Tmc1 (transmembrane channel-like gene family 1) Beethoven (Bth) mouse model, even though the mutant Tmc1(Bth) allele differs from the wild-type allele at only a single base pair. Injection of Cas9-guide RNA-lipid complexes targeting the Tmc1(Bth) allele into the cochlea of neonatal Tmc1(Bth/+) mice substantially reduced progressive hearing loss. We observed higher hair cell survival rates and lower auditory brainstem response thresholds in injected ears than in uninjected ears or ears injected with control complexes that targeted an unrelated gene. Enhanced acoustic startle responses were observed among injected compared to uninjected Tmc1(Bth/+) mice. These findings suggest that protein-RNA complex delivery of target gene-disrupting agents in vivo is a potential strategy for the treatment of some types of autosomal-dominant hearing loss.
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