Journal
NATURE
Volume 542, Issue 7641, Pages 307-+Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/nature21370
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Funding
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- USDA/NIFA-REEIS [2012-51300-20100]
- NSF [1339412]
- German Research Foundation, DFG [JU205/24-1]
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1339412] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- NIFA [2012-51300-20100, 578144] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa) is a highly nutritious grain identified as an important crop to improve world food security. Unfortunately, few resources are available to facilitate its genetic improvement. Here we report the assembly of a high-quality, chromosome-scale reference genome sequence for quinoa, which was produced using single-molecule real-time sequencing in combination with optical, chromosome-contact and genetic maps. We also report the sequencing of two diploids from the ancestral gene pools of quinoa, which enables the identification of sub-genomes in quinoa, and reduced-coverage genome sequences for 22 other samples of the allotetraploid goosefoot complex. The genome sequence facilitated the identification of the transcription factor likely to control the production of anti-nutritional triterpenoid saponins found in quinoa seeds, including a mutation that appears to cause alternative splicing and a premature stop codon in sweet quinoa strains. These genomic resources are an important first step towards the genetic improvement of quinoa.
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