Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 17, Issue 9, Pages 5508-5513Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02198
Keywords
In2Se3; 2D materials; piezoelectric; ferroelectric; polarization
Categories
Funding
- Welch Foundation Grant [F-1814]
- NSF EFRI [EFMA-1542747]
- Welch Grant [F-1038]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB932500]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21525310]
- Emerging Frontiers & Multidisciplinary Activities
- Directorate For Engineering [1542747] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/N016718/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/N016718/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties in the two-dimensional (2D) limit are highly desired for nanoelectronic, electromechanical, and optoelectronic applications. Here we report the first experimental evidence of out-of-plane piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in van der Waals layered alpha-In2Se3 nanoflakes. The noncentrosymmetric R3m symmetry of the alpha-In2Se3 samples is confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscopy, second-harmonic generation, and Raman spectroscopy measurements. Domains with opposite polarizations are visualized by piezo-response force microscopy. Single-point poling experiments suggest that the polarization is potentially switchable for alpha-In2Se3 nanoflakes with thicknesses down to similar to 10 nm. The piezotronic effect is demonstrated in two-terminal devices, where the Schottky barrier can be modulated by the strain-induced piezopotential. Our work on polar alpha-In2Se3, one of the model 2D piezoelectrics and ferroelectrics with simple crystal structures, shows its great potential in electronic and photonic applications.
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