The Social Dimension of Cohesion Policy

The paper assesses the contribution of the cohesion policy to the social dimension of the EU, based on its development over time both from a conceptual viewpoint and in a changing reference context as the structural heterogeneity of the Union increased with successive expansions. After examining how cohesion was treated in primary legislation and in Community budgets, the paper sets out the indicators available concerning the impact of successive Community programmes and strategies on cohesion, seeking to estimate its most significant attainments in terms of the social dimension of the EU. It is concluded that in spite of certain tangible achievements that have improved the life and work of European citizens, cohesion policy takes an approach focused on territories, seeking to reduce disparities between regions and legitimise the Union in the territories that lag furthest behind. It is in any event a policy that is highly conditioned by limited resources and by requirements for institutional quality and eligibility in receiving areas.