Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 17, Issue 2, Pages 660-665Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03588
Keywords
Phototriggering; liposome; gold nanorod; local anesthesia; tetrodotoxin
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Funding
- NIH [GM116920]
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An injectable local anesthetic producing repeatable on-demand nerve block would be desirable for pain management. Here we present a phototriggerable device to achieve repeatable and adjustable on-demand local anesthesia in superficial or deep tissues, consisting of gold nanorods attached to low temperature sensitive liposomes (LTSL). The particles were loaded with tetrodotoxin and dexrnedetomidine. Near-infrared light (NIR, 808 nm, continuous wave) could heat gold nanorods at low fluence (short duration and low irradiance), leading to rapid release of payload. In vivo, 1-2 min of irradiation at <= 272 mW/cm(2) produced repeatable and adjustable on-demand infiltration anesthesia or sciatic nerve blockade with minimal toxicity. The nerve block intensity and duration correlated with the irradiance and duration of the applied light.
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