Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 17, Issue 3, Pages 1863-1869Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05172
Keywords
Sodium sulfur battery; sulfur confinement; microporous carbon; sucrose-derived carbon; room temperature; ambient temperature
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Funding
- NSF [CMMI 1400424, 1445197]
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Technology
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We demonstrate a room-temperature sodium sulfur battery based on a confining microporous carbon template derived from sucrose that delivers a reversible capacity over 700 mAh/gs at 0.1C rates, maintaining 370 mAh/gs at 10 times higher rates of 1C. Cycling at 1C rates reveals retention of over 300 mAh/gs capacity across 1500 cycles with Coulombic efficiency >98% due to microporous sulfur confinement and stability of the sodium metal anode in a glyme-based electrolyte. We show sucrose to be an ideal platform to develop microporous carbon capable of mitigating electrode-electrolyte reactivity and loss of soluble intermediate discharge products. In a manner parallel to the low-cost materials of the traditional sodium beta battery, our work demonstrates the combination of table sugar, sulfur, and sodium, all of which are cheap and earth abundant, for a high-performance stable room-temperature sodium sulfur battery.
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