Journal
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
Volume 173, Issue -, Pages 680-686Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.088
Keywords
Vanadium nitride nanofiber; supercapacitors; 1D electrode material; electrospinning
Categories
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2014CB239701]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21173120, 51372116]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2011030]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of NUAA [NP2014403]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
- Fundation of Graduate Innovation Center in NUAA [kfjj20150611]
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Vanadium nitride has been the hot material for supercapacitors due to its excellent electrical conductivity and high specific capacitance. However, vanadium nitride nanoparticle usually suffers a poor performance due to its aggregation and lack of effective contact. In this work, one-dimensional (1D) vanadium nitride nanofibers are prepared by a combination of electrostatic spinning and high-temperature calcination in ammonia. The cross-linked nanofibers composed of nanoparticles construct a facile transport path for charge and electrolyte ion. Moreover, vanadium nitride nanoparticles encapsulated into carbon prevent grain growth and aggregation, which provide more active sites for electrolyte ion. Owing to this unique structure, vanadium nitride nanofibers exhibit high specific capacitance of 291.5 F g(-1) at 0.5 A g(-1) and rate capability with a capacitance of 105.1 F g(-1) at 6 A g(-1). In addition, we find that annealing temperature has significant influence on the performance of vanadium nitride, which associates with fibrous structure and crystallinity, and a limited potential window can greatly improve the cycling stability (retains 50% of initial capacitance after 1000 cycles). (C)2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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