Journal
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 84-98Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1279
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Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1078752, 1080473, 1085460]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research [PJT148634]
- Canadian Liver Foundation
- Canada Research Chair in Metabolism and Obesity
- J. Bruce Duncan Chair in Metabolic Diseases
- Victorian Government's Operational Infrastructure Support Program
- L.E.W Carty Charitable Fund
- National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [1085460, 1080473, 1078752] Funding Source: NHMRC
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Adenosine monophosphatc-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates multiple signaling pathways involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in response to changes in hormonal and nutrient status. Cell culture studies have shown that AMPK phosphorylation and inhibition of the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG) coenzyme A (CoA) reductase (HMGCR) at serine-871 (Ser871; human HMGCR Ser872) suppresses cholesterol synthesis. In order to evaluate the role of AMPK-HMGCR signaling in vivo, we generated mice with a Ser871-alanine (Ala) knock-in mutation (HMGCR KI). Cholesterol synthesis was significantly sup- pressed in wild-type (WT) but not in HMGCR KI hepatocytes in response to AMPK activators. Liver cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol levels were significantly up-regulated in HMGCR KI mice. When fed a high-carbohydrate diet, HMGCR KI mice had enhanced triglyceride synthesis and liver stcatosis, resulting in impaired glucose homeostasis. Conclusion: AMPK-HMGCR signaling alone is sufficient to regulate both cholesterol and triglyceride synthesis under conditions of a high-carbohydrate diet. Our findings highlight the tight coupling between the mevalonate and fatty acid synthesis pathways as well as revealing a role of AMPK in suppressing the deleterious effects of a high-carbohydrate diet.
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