Inflammatory markers and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Subclinical inflammation and presence of almost all indicators of systemic inflammation are found in type 2 diabetic patients. Such a systemic and subclinical inflammatory process can be characterized by elevated circulating levels of inflammatory markers. Aim: To study the state of subclinical inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and establish a correlation between glycemic control and inflammatory markers. Methods: This research included 90 subjects divided into 2 groups; Group A: 70 patients with type 2 diabetes and Group B: 20 Age and sex matched people as the control group. All patients were clinically examined, had laboratory investigations including; fasting and 2 h postprandial blood sugar, HbA1c, serum ferritin., high sensitivity C-reactive protein hs-CRP, kidney functions tests, liver function tests, complete blood count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and antinuclear antibody. Results: The estimated levels of ESR, FBS, serum ferritin, hs-CRP and HbA1c in T2DM were 10.69 +/- 3.05, 186.01 +/- 92.21, 6005.2 +/- 2639.83, 155.75 +/- 73.95, 7.5 +/- 3.23, respectively. In a similar way, in control subject, the estimated levels for respective parameters were 12.4 +/- 3.41, 83.25 +/- 6.25, 45.088 +/- 39.35, 19.97 +/- 18.51, 4.555 +/- 0.58, respectively. Mean values of all parameters, except ESR, were found to be significantly augmented in T2DM subjects when compared to control group. There is significant positive correlation between HbA1c and hs-CRP (r -0.761, p < 0.001). Moreover, serum ferritin has shown significant positive correlation with HbA1c (r = 0.853, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Strong correlation between inflammation and glycemic control in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus suggests that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. (c) 2018 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.