Nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped graphene sheets as anode materials with superior cycling stability for lithium-ion batteries

Novel nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped graphene sheets are synthesized via carbonization of poly(2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) (PDMcT) functionalized graphene oxides. Here, PDMcT, polymerized by the commercially available 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole (DMcT) monomer is chosen as the nitrogen and sulfur precursor, which plays a key role in the formation of nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped graphene. When evaluated as anode materials for lithium ion batteries, the nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped graphene sheets show high initial specific capacity of 1428.8 mAh g(-1), excellent cycling stability over 5000 cycles, and good rate capability (107 mAh g(-1) even at a current density of 10 A g(-1)), which can be attributed to the unique structure and dual-heteroatom doping. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.