Journal
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
Volume 16, Issue 4, Pages 694-704Publisher
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0504
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Cancer cell line profiling to identify previously unrecognized kinase dependencies revealed a novel nonmutational dependency on the DNA damage response checkpoint kinase Chk1. Although Chk1 is a promising therapeutic target in p53-deficient cancers, we found that Ras-MEK signaling engages Chk1 in a subset of osteosarcoma, ovarian, and breast cancer cells to enable their survival upon DNA damage, irrespective of p53 mutation status. Mechanistically, Ras-MEK signaling drives Chk1 expression and promotes cancer cell growth that produces genotoxic stress that requires Chk1 to mediate a response to the consequent DNA damage. Reciprocally, Chk1 engages a negative feedback loop to prevent hyperactivation of Ras-MEK signaling, thereby limiting DNA damage. Furthermore, exogenous DNA damage promotes Chk1 dependency, and pharmacologic Chk1 inhibition combined with genotoxic chemotherapy potentiates a DNA damage response and tumor cell killing. These findings reveal a mechanism-based diagnostic strategy to identify cancer patients that may benefit from Chk1-targeted therapy. (C)2017 AACR.
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