Journal
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
Volume 48, Issue 6, Pages 2108-2117Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04016h
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Funding
- DST, India [SR/FST/CSII-026/2013]
- UGC
- IIT KGP
- CSIR
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A water-soluble dilithium salt BODIPY derivative (LiBDP) with appended dicarboxylate pseudo-crown ether [NO4] coordinating sites has been designed, synthesized and characterized successfully for the selective and sensitive recognition of Cd2+ in aqueous media. The chemosensor exhibits a remarkable increase in fluorescence intensity as well as a distinct color change upon the addition of Cd2+ over other environmentally and biologically relevant metal ions in H2O. The fluorometric response of LiBDP is attributed to the metal chelation-enhanced fluorescence (MCHEF) effect which has been confirmed by a strong association constant of 2.57 +/- 1.06 x 10(5) M-1 and Job's plot, indicating 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry between LiBDP and Cd2+. Frontier molecular orbital analysis (obtained from DFT studies) also illustrates the turn-on fluorescence of the probe by blocking photoinduced electron transfer (PET) after coordination to Cd2+. The probe can detect Cd2+ in a competitive environment up to a submicromolar level in a biologically significant pH range. The sensor is proved to be reversible and reusable by the alternative addition of Cd2+ followed by S2-. The OFF/ON/OFF sensing behavior is utilized to construct an INHIBIT molecular logic gate based on the two inputs of Cd2+ and S(2-)and a fluorescence intensity at 512 nm as an output. The test paper experiment demonstrates the practical utility of LiBDP to monitor Cd2+ in an aqueous sample. Finally, the sensing probe was utilized to monitor Cd2+ in living cells.
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