Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS
Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 225-236Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TBCAS.2018.2889536
Keywords
Biological nanopore; continuous-time delta-sigma; current read-out; implicit anti-aliasing
Funding
- Fritz Huettinger foundation
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This paper presents a fully integrated low noise current-to-digital converter based on current-mode continuous-time delta-sigma modulators (CT DSMs). The circuit was realized in standard 0.35 mu m complimentary metal-oxide-semiconductor process and achieves a noise floor as low as 200 fA(rms) within a bandwidth of 10 kHz. Thanks to the continuous-time architecture, the oversampling together with the implicit anti-aliasing behavior of the current-mode CT DSM prevents the back folding of any out-of-band signals and noises. Running at a sampling frequency of 1.6 MHz, the circuit achieves a measured worst case anti-aliasing filtering of -110 dB for an out-of-band signal at 1.59 MHz. This characteristic eliminates the need of an anti-aliasing filter, which reduces the complexity as well as the area and power consumption. Two feedback versions, a transistor based as well as a capacitor-based current division have been used to reduce the reference current noise. The transistor-based current division feedback modulator consumes a power of 6.73 mW and occupies an area of 0.63 mm(2), whereas the capacitor based consumes a power of 4.6 mW and occupies an area of 0.32 mm(2). Both of them operate at a supply voltage of +/- 1.5 V.
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