Journal
METALLOMICS
Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages 824-839Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00111h
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Funding
- NSF [CHE-1411942]
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Bacteria often produce siderophores to facilitate iron uptake. One of the most studied siderophores is enterobactin, the macrolactone trimer of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl-L-serine, produced by E. coli and many other enteric bacteria. Other siderophores are variants of enterobactin, with structural modifications including expansion of the tri-serine core to a tetra-serine macrolactone, substitution of L-serine with L-threonine, insertion of amino acids (i.e., Gly, L-Ala, D-Lys, D- and L-Arg, L-Orn), catechol glucosylation, and linearization of the tri-serine macrolactone core. In this review we summarize the current understanding of the biosyntheses of these enterobactin variants, placing them in contrast with the well-established biosynthesis of enterobactin.
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