4.1 Article

A Low-Rate Video Approach to Hyperspectral Imaging of Dynamic Scenes

Journal

JOURNAL OF IMAGING
Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages -

Publisher

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/jimaging5010006

Keywords

hyperspectral; video; imaging; coastal dynamics; moving vehicle imaging; bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF); hemispherical conical reflectance factor (HCRF); stereo imaging; digital elevation model; Virginia Coast Reserve Long Term Ecological Research (VCR LTER)

Funding

  1. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency [HM0476-17-1-2001]
  2. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP)

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The increased sensitivity of modern hyperspectral line-scanning systems has led to the development of imaging systems that can acquire each line of hyperspectral pixels at very high data rates (in the 200-400 Hz range). These data acquisition rates present an opportunity to acquire full hyperspectral scenes at rapid rates, enabling the use of traditional push-broom imaging systems as low-rate video hyperspectral imaging systems. This paper provides an overview of the design of an integrated system that produces low-rate video hyperspectral image sequences by merging a hyperspectral line scanner, operating in the visible and near infra-red, with a high-speed pan-tilt system and an integrated IMU-GPS that provides system pointing. The integrated unit is operated from atop a telescopic mast, which also allows imaging of the same surface area or objects from multiple view zenith directions, useful for bi-directional reflectance data acquisition and analysis. The telescopic mast platform also enables stereo hyperspectral image acquisition, and therefore, the ability to construct a digital elevation model of the surface. Imaging near the shoreline in a coastal setting, we provide an example of hyperspectral imagery time series acquired during a field experiment in July 2017 with our integrated system, which produced hyperspectral image sequences with 371 spectral bands, spatial dimensions of 1600 x 212, and 16 bits per pixel, every 0.67 s. A second example times series acquired during a rooftop experiment conducted on the Rochester Institute of Technology campus in August 2017 illustrates a second application, moving vehicle imaging, with 371 spectral bands, 16 bit dynamic range, and 1600 x 300 spatial dimensions every second.

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