Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages 125-131Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.coelec.2018.12.002
Keywords
Mean-field; Electrostatics; Electrolyte; Ionic liquid; Differential capacitance; Underscreening; Overscreening
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Electrolytes screen the charges carried by an electrode through the formation of a diffuse double layer. The corresponding differential capacitance reflects the change of the surface charge density with the applied surface potential. Mean-field modeling of the differential capacitance is an attempt to qualitatively explain experimental findings such as the camel-to-bell shape transition in terms of physical factors including the ion size and concentration, nonelectrostatic ion-ion interactions, electrostatic ion-ion correlations, and the influence of the electrode curvature. We highlight the central role of the lattice gas model as a conceptual tool to describe concentrated electrolytes and ionic liquids, and we briefly summarize how extensions and generalizations of this model give rise to concepts known as 'overscreening' and 'underscreening'.
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