Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 482-494Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c8ew00734a
Keywords
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Funding
- Louisiana Board of Regents Research Competitiveness Sub-program [LEQSF(2017-20)-RD-A-06]
- National Science Foundation Partnerships for International Research and Education program [IIA-1243433]
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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) poses a serious challenge to applied photocatalysis. Membranes may offer a promising synergistic opportunity to enable efficient photocatalysis in the presence of DOM. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) effluent from a municipal treatment plant was studied to elucidate the effects of filtration and organic matter composition on photocatalysis. Effluent samples were collected from MBR units during routine operation and before/after chemical cleaning. Additional DOM samples from the bulk supernatant were separated into colloidal, hydrophobic and transphilic fractions, providing a novel examination of the inhibition potential of DOM. These DOM fractions and the effluent organic matter (EfOM) samples were then characterized utilizing three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3DEEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and assayed for their potential to inhibit TiO2-mediated photocatalytic degradation of a probe compound, para-chlorobenzoic acid (pCBA). The colloidal fraction of DOM was found to exert the strongest inhibition, followed by the transphilic, then the hydrophobic fractions; at 5 mgC L-1, these fractions reduced the photodegradation rates by approximately 75%, 27%, and 17%, respectively. Of the effluent samples, EfOM from the recently-cleaned membrane caused the greatest inhibition of photocatalysis (similar to 100% reduction at 0.5 to 2.0 mgC L-1), whereas the effluent from the fouled membrane provided the least inhibition (similar to 33% reduction at 2.0 mgC L-1). The 3DEEM analysis predicted inhibitory action of both DOM and EfOM, based on total fluorescence volumes. Results here demonstrate the prospective utility of combining membrane technologies with photocatalytic processes.
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