Journal
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Volume 70, Issue -, Pages 935-946Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.03.045
Keywords
CpG oligodeoxynucleotides; Nanomaterials; Delivery systems; Immunostimulatory effect
Categories
Funding
- Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21406087, 31400693, 21576118]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20140141]
- Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities [JUSRP51629B]
- Agriculture Science Technology Achievement Transformation Fund [2014GB2A000268]
- 111 Project [111-2-06]
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Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing immunostimulatory CpG motif mimic bacterial DNA and are potent activator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, CpG ODNs have significant potentials as immunotherapeutic agent for treatment of infectious diseases, allergy and cancer. Many clinical trials involving CpG ODNs either used alone or as adjuvant have been initiated. However, delivery of CpG ODNs to target sites still remains a great challenge due to their extreme susceptibility to nuclease degradation in serum and poor cellular uptake. Chemical modification of CpG ODNs backbone can protect them against degradation by nucleases, but have raised concern regarding several severe side effects. Development of efficient CpG ODNs delivery systems to address these issues and enhance their immunostimulatory effect are highly desirable. In recent years, the emergence of nanotechnology has provided unprecedented opportunities to encapsulate CpG ODN into various nanocarriers or synthesize CpG ODNs nanostructures. This review provides an overview of the delivery systems based on nanomaterials and nanostructures newly developed for enhancing the immunostimulatory effect of CpG ODNs, together with a brief discussion on perspectives for future studies in this field. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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