Disentangling transient charge order from structural dynamics contributions during coherent atomic motion studied by ultrafast resonant x-ray diffraction

We report on the ultrafast dynamics of charge order and structural response during the photoinduced suppression of charge and orbital order in a mixed-valence manganite. Employing femtosecond time-resolved resonant x-ray diffraction below and at the Mn K absorption edge, we present a method to disentangle the transient charge order and structural dynamics in thin films of Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3. Based on the static resonant scattering spectra, we extract the dispersion correction of charge-ordered Mn3+ and Mn4+ ions, allowing us to separate the transient contributions of purely charge order from structural contributions to the scattering amplitude after optical excitation. Our finding of a coherent structural mode at around 2.3 THz, which primarily modulates the lattice but does not strongly affect the charge order, supports the picture of the charge order being the driving force of the combined charge, orbital, and structural transition.