Competence needs of integrated care in the transition of health care and social services in Finland

Introduction: This study investigates future integrated care competencies among workforce in health and social service sectors in the context of the national health and social services reform in Finland. Methods: The sample was drawn from the registers of competent workforce in the social and health sectors in Finland in three different forerunner areas. Eight working sectors were identified. A total of 1943 participants represented a 16% of the sample (N = 12,250). Factor analyses were conducted on ratings from the COPE scale measuring integrated care competences. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between background variables and competence factors. Results: The present study identifies three factors about the competences of future integrated care competencies. The factors were client-oriented needs assessment, holistic service guidance, and ensuring service path. The sectors of services for older people and administration indicated the highest level of competence needs, whereas the sector of social services indicated the lowest level. Variations between sectors and background variables are remarkable. Discussion: The study points out three dimensions of generic competence needs perceived by employees that are required to secure client-oriented integrated care processes in the future. New competencies and targeted processes in organizations and between sectors are crucial in developing the quality and effectiveness of integrated care by improving future care processes. Professional education and training should advance the learning of generic competences shared by all professionals and sectors in accomplishing integrated care.