Journal
MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 6, Pages 627-637Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-017-9781-5
Keywords
Phaeophyceae; Dictyotales; Plastid genome; Brown alga; Inverted repeat; Evolution
Funding
- Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [QYZDB-SSW-DQC023]
- Scientific and Technological Innovation Project - Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology [2016ASKJ02]
- Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province, China [2016GSF115041]
- Strategic Priority Research Program, Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA11020304]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Sciences [2015164]
- Foundation for Huiquan Young Scholar of Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [2015]
- Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Integrated Marine Monitoring and Applied Technologies for Harmful Algal Blooms, S.O.A. [MATHAB201701]
- Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System in Shandong Province of China [SDAIT-26-09]
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Dictyotophycidae is a subclass of brown algae containing 395 species that are distributed worldwide. A complete plastid (chloroplast) genome (ptDNA or cpDNA) had not previously been sequenced from this group. In this study, the complete plastid genome of Dictyopteris divaricata (Okamura) Okamura (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) was characterized and compared to other brown algal ptDNAs. This plastid genome was 126,099 bp in size with two inverted repeats (IRs) of 6026 bp. The D. divaricata IRs contained rpl21, making its IRs larger than representatives from the orders Fucales and Laminariales, but was smaller than that from Ectocarpales. The G + C content of D. divaricata (31.19%) was the highest of the known ptDNAs of brown algae (28.94-31.05%). Two protein-coding genes, rbcR and rpl32, were present in ptDNAs of Laminariales, Ectocarpales (Ectocarpus siliculosus), and Fucales (LEF) but were absent in D. divaricata. Reduced intergenic space (13.11%) and eight pairs of overlapping genes in D. divaricata ptDNA made it the most compact plastid genome in brown algae so far. The architecture of D. divaricata ptDNA showed higher similarity to that of Laminariales compared with Fucales and Ectocarpales. The difference in general features, gene content, and architecture among the ptDNAs of D. divaricata and LEF clade revealed the diversity and evolutionary trends of plastid genomes in brown algae.
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