Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 364, Issue 6436, Pages 178-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aau1279
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Funding
- German Research Foundation [SFB924/TP-B10, TP-B06, RA2541/1]
- grant Rhamnoprot
- Region Grand-Est
- FEDER
- Vienna Science and Technology Fund (WWTF) project [LS17-047]
- Austrian Academy of Science through the Gregor Mendel Institute
- Hertha Firnberg Programme postdoctoral fellowship from the FWF Austrian Science Fund [T-947]
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In plants, cell-surface immune receptors sense molecular non-self-signatures. Lipid A of Gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharide is considered such a non-self-signature. The receptor kinase LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE-SPECIFIC REDUCED ELICITATION (LORE) mediates plant immune responses to Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas but not enterobacterial lipid A or lipopolysaccharide preparations. Here, we demonstrate that synthetic and bacterial lipopolysaccharide-copurified medium-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acid (mc-3-OH-FA) metabolites elicit LORE-dependent immunity. The mc-3-OH-FAs are sensed in a chain length- and hydroxylation-specific manner, with free (R)-3-hydroxydecanoic acid [(R)-3-OH-C10:0] representing the strongest immune elicitor. By contrast, bacterial compounds comprising mc-3-OH-acyl building blocks but devoid of free mc-3-OH-FAs-including lipid A or lipopolysaccharide, rhamnolipids, lipopeptides, and acyl-homoserine-lactones-do not trigger LORE-dependent responses. Hence, plants sense low-complexity bacterial metabolites to trigger immune responses.
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