Journal
NATURE CATALYSIS
Volume 2, Issue 5, Pages 387-399Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41929-019-0242-6
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Funding
- Artificial Photosynthesis Project of the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) [16H02417, 15H05494, 18H05156]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
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Photocatalytic water splitting using particulate semiconductor materials has been studied as a simple means of hydrogen production. However, there are still many obstacles to the development of complete, practical and renewable solar hydrogen production processes. This review discusses particulate photocatalyst systems intended for large-scale solar hydrogen production via water splitting, focusing on their current status and potential impact. The cost and efficiency targets for solar-to-fuel conversion on a practical scale are also reviewed, based on the maximum allowable cost of solar hydrogen production systems, which has been estimated to be US$102 m(-2), at most. Particulate photocatalyst material design principles are discussed, using efficient oxide photocatalysts as examples. Approaches to constructing photocatalytic reactors extensible to large areas are also introduced. Finally, challenges related to the development of efficient and inexpensive photocatalyst systems and potentially useful analytical methods are outlined.
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