Journal
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
Volume 36, Issue 4, Pages 561-572Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c8np00060c
Keywords
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Funding
- Major Program of Natural Science Foundation of China [31330059, 31730068]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFD0400404]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [31601446]
- Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province in China [2017CFB367]
- U.S. National Institutes of Health [NIGMS R01GM114418]
- Higher Education Institutional Excellence Program of the Ministry of Human Capacities in Hungary
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Understanding the biosynthetic mechanisms that generate the astounding structural complexity and variety of fungal secondary metabolites (FSMs) remains a challenge. As an example, the biogenesis of the Monascus azaphilone pigments (MonAzPs) has remained obscure until recently despite the significant medical potential of these metabolites and their long history of widespread use as food colorants. However, a considerable progress has been made in recent years towards the elucidation of MonAzPs biosynthesis in various fungi. In this highlight, we correlate a unified biosynthetic pathway with the diverse structures of the 111 MonAzPs congeners reported until June 2018. We also discuss the origins of structural diversity amongst MonAzPs analogues and summarize new research directions towards exploring novel MonAzPs. The case of MonAzPs illuminates the various ways that FSMs metabolic complexity emerges by the interplay of biosynthetic pathway determinism with metabolic and chemical serendipity.
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