Journal
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 76, Issue 10, Pages 1947-1966Publisher
SPRINGER BASEL AG
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03053-0
Keywords
Chemosensitization; Non-coding RNA; Nutraceutical; Therapy; Tumor
Categories
Funding
- Science and Engineering Research Board [ECR/2016/000034]
- University Grants Commission [30-112/2015 (BSR)]
- NIH/NCI [K22CA197074-01]
- Nebraska State DHHS [LB506]
- NIH/NIGMS [P30 GM106397]
- UNMC Pediatric Cancer Research Center
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center's Pilot Grant [P30 CA036727]
- Leukemia Research Foundation Grant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology start-up at UNMC
- ICMR New Delhi [3/1/3/JRF-2016/LS/HRD-65-80388]
- DBT New Delhi [DBT/2017/BHU/786]
- BHU Varanasi [R/Dev/IX-Sch-BHU Res Sch 2018-19]
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The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the crucial regulators of human chronic diseases. Therefore, approaches such as antisense oligonucleotides, RNAi technology, and small molecule inhibitors have been used for the therapeutic targeting of lncRNAs. During the last decade, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals have been explored for their potential against lncRNAs. The common lncRNAs known to be modulated by phytochemicals include ROR, PVT1, HOTAIR, MALAT1, H19, MEG3, PCAT29, PANDAR, NEAT1, and GAS5. The phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, sulforaphane, berberine, EGCG, and gambogic acid have been examined against lncRNAs. In some cases, formulation of phytochemicals has also been used. The disease models where phytochemicals have been demonstrated to modulate lncRNAs expression include cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The regulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals can affect multi-steps of tumor development. When administered in combination with the conventional drugs, phytochemicals can also produce synergistic effects on lncRNAs leading to the sensitization of cancer cells. Phytochemicals target lncRNAs either directly or indirectly by affecting a wide variety of upstream molecules. However, the potential of phytochemicals against lncRNAs has been demonstrated mostly by preclinical studies in cancer models. How the modulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals produce therapeutic effects on cancer and other chronic diseases is discussed in this review.
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