Journal
ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY
Volume 22, Issue -, Pages 102-108Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2015.02.005
Keywords
Noises; Ecological bistability; Regime shifts; Noise-enhanced stability
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11305079, 11104120]
- Kunming University of Science and Technology [KKZ3201407030]
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In this paper, we study the lake eutrophication by using a stochastic model that includes both input noise and recycling noise. The effects of the input noise (alpha), the recycling noise (D) and the cross-correlation between two noises (lambda) in the model are discussed, respectively. Our results show: (i) the noise-induced ecological bistability (EB) expands in comparison with the deterministic case; (ii) noises still can induce EB when the recycling parameter r < 0.5; (iii) the noises can cause the regime shifts from the eutrophic state to the oligotrophic one (noise-induced oligotrophy); and (iv) the input noise can accelerate regime shifts from the oligotrophic state to the eutrophic one for the case of zero or small cross-correlation. Moreover, for the case of higher cross-correlation intensity, the mean first passage time (MFPT) as a function of a exhibits a maximum, which identifies the input noise-enhanced stability (NES) of the oligotrophic state. Finally, for whatever value of cross-correlation intensity, the theoretical results show that the recycling noise can accelerate regime shifts from the oligotrophic state to the eutrophic one. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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