Journal
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
Volume 73, Issue 7, Pages 973-979Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx171
Keywords
Functional decline; Childhood disadvantage; Socioeconomic status; Body height; Education; Japan
Categories
Funding
- MEXT (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology-Japan)-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities
- JSPS (Japan Society for the Promotion of Science) KAKENHI Grant [22330172, 22390400, 23243070, 23590786, 23790710, 24390469, 24530698, 24683018, 25253052, 25870573, 25870881, 26285138, 26882010, 15H01972]
- Health Labour Sciences Research Grants from AMED (Japan Agency for Medical Research and development) [H22-Choju-Shitei-008, H24-Junkanki [Seishu]-Ippan-007, H24-Chikyukibo-Ippan-009, H24-Choju-Wakate-009, H25-Kenki-Wakate-015, H25-Choju-Ippan-003, H26-Irryo-Shitei-003 [Fukkou], H26-Choju-Ippan-006, H27-Ninchisyou-Ippan-001, H28-Choju-Ippan-002]
- Research and Development Grants for Longevity Science from AMED (Japan Agency for Medical Research and development)
- Research Funding for Longevity Sciences from National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology [24-17, 24-23]
- Japan Foundation for Aging and Health [J09KF00804]
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Background: Increasing evidence suggests an impact of childhood disadvantage on late-life functional impairment in Western countries. I Iowever, the processes by which childhood disadvantage affects functional capacity are influenced by several factors unique to particular societies. We examined the impact of childhood disadvantage on functional decline among older Japanese, using a large-scale prospective cohort study. Methods: Data came from surveys conducted in 2010 and 2013 as part of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES), a nationwide cohort study targeting community-dwelling people aged 65 years and over. Childhood disadvantage included subjective childhood socioeconomic status (SES), body height, and educational level. The sample was stratified by age at baseline (65-69, 70-74, 75-79, and >= 80 years). Results: A total of 11,601 respondents were analyzed. In the 65-69-year group, lower childhood SES was associated with functional decline but this association was mediated by adult SES. In contrast, childhood SES was independently associated with functional decline in the older cohort. In the 75-79-year group, lower childhood SES was associated with functional decline. However, in the 2 >= 80-year group, people with higher childhood SES were more likely to experience functional decline. Shorter height was associated with functional decline in the 70-74-year group. Higher education was related to functional decline in all age groups except the >= 80-year group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that childhood disadvantage affects functional decline but its effect varies by age cohort. The mechanisms underlying the association between childhood disadvantage and functional decline may be influenced by social and historical context.
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