Journal
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
Volume 73, Issue 2, Pages 261-266Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glx097
Keywords
Childhood disadvantage; Latent effect; Life-course epidemiology
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Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI [JP15H01972, JP20319338, JP22390400, JP23243070, JP23590786, JP23790710, JP24140701, JP24390469, JP24530698, JP24653150, JP24683018, JP25253052, JP25870573, JP25870881, JP26882010]
- Health Labour Sciences Research Grants [H28-Choju-Ippan-002, H26-Choju-Ippan-006, H 25-Choju-Ippan-003, H25-Kenki-Wakate-015, H25-Irryo-Shitei-003[Fukkou], H24-Junkanki[Seishu]-Ippan-007]
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and development (AMED)
- Research Funding for Longevity Sciences from National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology [24-17, 24-23]
- Japan Foundation for Aging And Health [J09KF00804]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16K16633] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Background: A life-course perspective is essential in understanding the determinants of higher-level functional limitations. We examine the impact of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) on higher-level functional limitations in older people. Methods: Data were from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study 2013, a population-based cohort of independent people aged 65 years or older across Japan (n = 19,220). ACEs before the age of 18 were assessed in terms of seven adversities: parental death, parental divorce, parental mental illness, family violence, physical abuse, psychological neglect, and psychological abuse. Associations between the cumulative number of ACEs and higher-level functional limitations were investigated by multivariate Poisson regression with robust error variances, adjusted for age, gender, childhood disadvantage, adult sociodemographics, adult health behaviors, and health status. Results: Of the older people, 36.3% reported at least one ACE. Older people who had experienced two or more ACEs showed significantly greater higher-level functional limitations than those with no ACE in a crude model (prevalence ratio, PR = 1.61, 95% confidence interval, CI = 1.51-1.71). After adjusting the covariates, this association remained (PR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.12-1.27). Conclusions: ACEs showed robust independent effects on higher-level functional limitations among older Japanese without disabilities, even after adjusting for potential covariates in childhood and adulthood. The current findings may help in understanding the impact of the latent effects of ACEs on functional limitations in older people.
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