Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 9, Issue 32, Pages 18196-18204Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02988e
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFF0215703]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2232019G-11]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, China [18ZR1401000]
- Shanghai Pujiang Program [18PJ1400400]
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Herein, nanoscale iron (oxyhydr)oxide-coated carbon nanotube (CNT) filters were rationally designed for rapid and effective removal of Sb(iii) from water. These iron (oxyhydr)oxide particles (<5 nm) were uniformly coated onto the CNT sidewalls. The as-fabricated hybrid filter demonstrated improved sorption kinetics and capacity compared with the conventional batch system. At a flow rate of 6 mL min(-1), a Sb(iii) pseudo-first-order adsorption rate constant of 0.051 and a removal efficiency of >99% was obtained when operated in the recirculation mode. The improved Sb(iii) sorption performance can be ascribed to the synergistic effects of convection-enhanced mass transport, limited pore size, and more exposed active sorption sites of the filters. The presence of 1-10 mmol L-1 of carbonate, sulfate, and chloride inhibits Sb(iii) removal negligibly. Exhausted hybrid filters can be effectively regenerated by an electrical field-assisted chemical washing method. STEM characterization confirmed that Sb was mainly sequestered by iron (oxyhydr)oxides. XPS, AFS and XAFS results suggest that a certain amount of Sb(iii) was converted to Sb(v) during filtration. DFT calculations further indicate that the bonding energy for Sb(iii) onto the iron (oxyhydr)oxides was 2.27-2.30 eV, and the adsorbed Sb(iii) tends to be oxidized.
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