Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 7, Issue 22, Pages 13540-13549Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9ta03797g
Keywords
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFC1901605]
- National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents [BX201600192]
- Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan [2017TP1001]
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Sodium-ion capacitors (SICs), as new-generation electrochemical energy-storage systems, have combined the advantages of high energy and power densities, meeting the urgent demand for versatile electronic equipment and grid energy-storage stations. Nevertheless, the electrochemical performance of SICs is seriously restricted by the kinetic mismatch between the battery-type anode and capacitor-type cathode. In this work, N-doped 3D carbon (NHPC) delivered a high reversible specific capacity of 197 mA h g(-1) at 2 A g(-1), and the mechanism of its electrochemistry mainly involved strong pseudocapacitive storage that promoted quick physical adsorption/desorption. Moreover, further activation of NHPC yielded nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous activated carbon (NHPAC), which displayed a large specific surface area of 1478 m(2) g(-1) with abundant meso/macropores, and brought about fast adsorption/desorption of anions on its surface. The full-carbon SIC device benefitted from the similar material systems used for its anode and cathode, and hence achieved a high energy density of 115 W h kg(-1) at 200 W kg(-1) as well as long-term cyclability in the potential range of 0-4.0 V. This rational strategy of kinetic matching might open up a potential avenue for the development of additional advanced SICs.
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